"Type","dc-creator","Icon","dc-title","dc-subject","Collection","Chronology","dc-description","UserLevel","Redirect","dc-date","dc-publisher","Name","Id"
"Publication","Harrison, E. B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0031::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0031.jpg::104::150","Portrait Sculpture","","Agora","","Presented in catalogue form are 64 portrait heads, headless torsos, and fragments (of both categories) ranging in date from the first half of the 1st century B.C. to the 5th century A.D. The catalogue is preceded by an introduction dealing with “finding-places,” “material,” “forms of portraits,” and “subjects.” Special emphasis is placed on stylistic criteria for dating each work, and the more interesting examples are discussed in some detail. There are not many great works of art illustrated, but many interesting types. As the author says in her introduction, “the Agora portraits interest us, not because they are unique, but because they are representative.”","","","1953","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora I","Agora:Publication:Agora 1"
"Publication","Thompson, M.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0032::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0032.jpg::104::150","Coins from the Roman through the Venetian Period","","Agora","","Of the 55,492 coins that were recovered from the Athenian Agora during excavations from 1931 to 1949, this catalogue presents 37,000. These range in date from the last century of the Roman Republic to the declining years of the Republic of Venice. As the short historical survey that introduces the book indicates, this volume is intended to be a tabulation rather than study. It was written to provide prompt publication of the material excavated, and the catalogue is clear, fully documented, and easy to refer to.","","","1954","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora II","Agora:Publication:Agora 2"
"Publication","Wycherley, R. E.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0033::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0033.jpg::200::267","Literary and Epigraphical Testimonia","","Agora","","Here are presented all the ancient written references, both literary and epigraphical, to the Agora (including its environs) and its monuments. The introduction summarizes chronologically the authors cited, evaluating the contributions of each. The texts are given in the original Greek or Latin, followed by a translation and a commentary. They are grouped in parts: the Stoas, Shrines, Public Buildings and Offices, Market, Honorary Statues, Miscellaneous including Boundaries, Trees, Kerameikos, Panathenaic Street, Old Agora. Within each part the monuments are arranged alphabetically and under each monument the texts are listed alphabetically by author with inscriptions at the end. Many texts not given numbers in this order are included in the archaeological and topographical commentaries. Each section on a monument opens with a brief synopsis of the evidence contained in the texts which follow. The index of authors gives dates and editions as well as passages and inscriptions cited, and is followed by an index of subjects. The plates show plans of the Agora and its environs and of the route of Pausanias.","","","1957","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora III","Agora:Publication:Agora 3"
"Publication","Howland, R. H.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0034::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0034.jpg::104::150","Greek Lamps and Their Survivals","","Agora","","The author has used the trustworthy chronological data supplied by the scientific excavation of “closed deposits” at the Athenian Agora to build a continuous series of lamp types from the 7th century B.C. to the 1st century A.D. Many photographs and profiles of sections permit ready identification, and a handy graphical chart of lamp types facilitates quick checking of the chronological range of each.","","","1958","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora IV","Agora:Publication:Agora 4"
"Publication","Robinson, H. S.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0036::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0036.jpg::104::150","Pottery of the Roman Period: Chronology","","Agora","","A group of closed deposits, ranging in date from the 1st century B.C. to the early 7th century A.D., provide evidence for the relative and absolute chronology of pottery used during many centuries of Roman domination—from the sack of Athens by Sulla in 86 B.C. to the Byzantine period. A descriptive catalogue divides the pottery into eight groups, arranged into chronologically differentiated layers. Prefacing the catalogue of each group, a brief general description gives the location, chronological limitations, basis for dating, etc., and then the individual items are described in considerable detail.","","","1959","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora V","Agora:Publication:Agora 5"
"Publication","Grandjouan, C.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0037::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0037.jpg::104::150","Terracottas and Plastic Lamps of the Roman Period","","Agora","","The volume contains a short introduction, a classification by types, a critical catalogue, a register of the dated contexts, concordances and indexes, and an excursus by T. B. L. Webster on the theatrical figurines. Nearly half of the 1,100 items are illustrated with photographs. The subjects of the (mostly fragmentary) figurines are revealing. To the Greek deities of earlier times are added Oriental figures like Serapis, Isis, Harpokrates, Attis, as well as Egyptian priests and Asiatic dancers. The molded “plastic” lamps that are included in this volume were probably made in the same workshops as the figurines.","","","1961","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora VI","Agora:Publication:Agora 6"
"Publication","Perlzweig, J.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0038::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0038.jpg::104::150","Lamps of the Roman Period: First to Seventh Century after Christ","","Agora","","Nearly 3,000 specimens of lamps of “Roman” character are catalogued in this volume that covers the period from the 1st century B.C. to the 8th century A.D. The lamps are not easy to classify because the appearance of the clay used is not an infallible guide to the place of manufacture and the molds used to create the shapes were used widely around the Mediterranean. Terracotta lamps were probably made for local consumption in most cities of Greece; only a few centers, notably Athens and Corinth, developed an export trade capable of competing with local manufacturers. Since lamps from Athens do appear at other sites, the presentation of a well-dated sample of these finds provides useful reference material for scholars working at other sites.","","","1961","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora VII","Agora:Publication:Agora 7"
"Publication","Brann, E. T. H.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0039::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0039.jpg::104::150","Late Geometric and Protoattic Pottery: Mid 8th to Late 7th Century B.C.","","Agora","","This volume reports on Athenian pottery found in the Athenian Agora up to 1960 that can dated from about the middle of the 8th century, when “the appearance of a painter of sufficient personal distinction to enliven the whole craft” marks a real break from the earlier Geometric style, through the third quarter of the 7th century when Protoattic gives way to black-figure and black wares. A sampling of contemporary imported ware is included. The material is treated first by shape and then, more extensively, by painting styles. Some 650 characteristic pieces are selected for cataloguing. The introduction discusses the development of the various shapes and styles, characterizing the special techniques and innovations of the period. The topographical features of the Agora that are indicated by the places of discovery of deposits of late Geometric and Protoattic pottery are summarized under wells, houses, workshops, sanctuaries, cemeteries, and roads.","","","1962","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora VIII","Agora:Publication:Agora 8"
"Publication","Miles, G. C.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0035::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0035.jpg::104::150","The Islamic Coins","","Agora","","All but 9 of the 6,449 Islamic coins found at Athenian Agora up to the date when this book was written belong to the Ottoman period. The earliest datable Ottoman coin is from the reign of Mehmed I (1413-21). Most of the coins come from overseas mints such as those of Istanbul, Cairo, Macedonia, Serbia, and Bosnia. Although the name of Athens cannot be read on any coin, the author thinks that many of the crude coppers of the 15th to 16th centuries A.D. were locally struck.","","","1962","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora IX","Agora:Publication:Agora 9"
"Publication","Lang, M.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0040::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0040.jpg::200::267","Weights, Measures and Tokens","","Agora","","The first part of this book deals with weights (14 bronze, 109-111 lead, 28 stone) and measures (75 dry, 28-31 liquid). Although humble objects, the detailed study of these everyday items provides archaeological evidence for substantial changes in weight standards at different times in Athenian history. This reinforces literary evidence for a highly centralized bureaucracy controlling trade and commerce. In the second part of the book, Crosby catalogues and discusses some 900 lead and 46 clay tokens uncovered during the Agora excavations. The bulk of the lead material dates from the Roman period, while all the clay pieces belong to the 4th, 3rd, and 2nd centuries B.C. These tokens served diverse functions. Some were used as admission tickets for festivals and theater performances while others can be related to attendance at lawcourts or receipt of tax payments.","","","1964","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora X","Agora:Publication:Agora 10"
"Publication","Harrison, E. B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0041::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0041.jpg::200::268","Archaic and Archaistic Sculpture","","Agora","","Over 170 catalogued pieces of sculpture from the Athenian Agora are divided into four sections: the genuinely Archaic in date and form, the “archaistic” imitating Archaic originals (late 5th century to early 4th century B.C.), and two restricted groups of sculpture common in Athens. The latter are the Hekataia (a triple Hekate figure) and the herms. The chronological range is thus from the earliest Archaic kouros (ca. 600 B.C.) through the herms and Hekataia of the Roman period. Among other questions, the author explores the nature of the archaizing movement and the different types of herms and how they were used in the Agora.","","","1965","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XI","Agora:Publication:Agora 11"
"Publication","Sparkes, B. A.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0042::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0042.jpg::200::263","Black and Plain Pottery of the 6th, 5th and 4th Centuries B.C.","","Agora","","This massive (two-part) volume focuses on pottery produced between 600 and 300 B.C. with Sparkes discussing the black glaze and Talcott the domestic (household and kitchen) wares of the period. Over 2,040 pieces of black-glaze pottery are catalogued and described, with many drawings and photographs.","","","1970","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XII","Agora:Publication:Agora 12"
"Publication","Immerwahr, S. A.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0043::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0043.jpg::379::500","The Neolithic and Bronze Ages","","Agora","","The finds in the Athenian Agora from the Neolithic and Bronze Ages have added important chronological context to the earliest eras of Athenian history. The bulk of the items are pottery, but stone, bone, and metal objects also occur. Selected material from the Neolithic and from the Early and Middle Helladic periods is catalogued by fabric and then shape and forms the basis of detailed discussions of the wares (by technique, shapes, and decoration), the stone and bone objects, and their relative and absolute chronology. The major part of the volume is devoted to the Mycenaean period, the bulk of it to the cemetery of forty-odd tombs and graves with detailed discussions of architectural forms; of funeral rites; of offerings of pottery, bronze, ivory, and jewelry; and of chronology. Pottery from wells, roads, and other deposits as well as individual vases without significant context, augment the pottery from tombs as the basis of a detailed analysis of Mycenaean pottery. A chapter on historical conclusions deals with all areas of Mycenaean Athens.","","","1971","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XIII","Agora:Publication:Agora 13"
"Publication","Thompson, H. A.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0044::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0044.jpg::200::257","The Agora of Athens: The History, Shape and Uses of an Ancient City Center","","Agora","","The subtitle, The History, Shape and Uses of an Ancient City Center, suggests the general character of this volume, which provides an overview of the area that served as the civic center of Athens from about 600 B.C. to A.D. 267. After a general resumé of the historical development of the Agora, the monuments are treated in detail, grouped by their use and purpose. Each monument is discussed in the light of both the literary and the archaeological evidence for its identification and its restoration. In the light of the topographical conclusions the route of Pausanias is traced. A chapter “After the Heruli” follows the fortunes of the area from A.D. 267 till the 19th century; the last century is treated in the detailed report of “The Excavations” up to 1971. This is a definitive survey of the historical and topographical results of 40 years of American excavations.","","","1972","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XIV","Agora:Publication:Agora 14"
"Publication","Meritt, B. D.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0046::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0046.jpg::382::500","Inscriptions: The Athenian Councillors","","Agora","","This book presents 494 dedications made by, and honoring, members of the Athenian administrative assembly (prytaneis) between 408/7 B.C. and A.D. 231/2. The inscriptions are important because they enable scholars to reconstruct a more precise chronological framework for Hellenistic and later Athenian history while also increasing understanding of the political organization of Attica. With thousands of names from 700 years of administration listed, the dedications also provide a rich source for prosopographers.","","","1974","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XV","Agora:Publication:Agora 15"
"Publication","Woodhead, A. G.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0047::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0047.jpg::200::268","Inscriptions: The Decrees","","Agora","","Edited texts, with extensive commentary, of some 344 fragments of Attic decrees dating from the mid-5th century B.C. to A.D. 203, found in excavations of the Athenian Agora before 1967, with brief notes on additional material found up to 1975. Well-documented discussions of individual archon years are supplied at the appropriate points in the chronological arrangement. In a field known for controversy, the author reviews the principal readings, restorations, and interpretations, achieving a balance between extreme positions.","","","1997","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XVI","Agora:Publication:Agora 16"
"Publication","Bradeen, D. W.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0048::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0048.jpg::104::150","Inscriptions: The Funerary Monuments","","Agora","","This volume presents the funerary inscriptions found in the Athenian Agora between 1931 and 1968. In addition, all Agora fragments of the public casualty lists known in 1971 have been included, together with fragments associated with them but found elsewhere, although the latter are not discussed in full. Of the 1,099 inscriptions catalogued here, 238 are published for the first time. With the exception of 6 (previously published), all contain a sure name, ethnic, or demotic. In accordance with the established policy of the Excavations of the Athenian Agora, a photograph is included of every stone for which none has appeared previously. The catalogue is arranged alphabetically by demotics and ethnics; the indexes include names, tribes, geographical names, significant Greek words, and Latin words. The author’s unparalleled familiarity with Attic funerary scripts enabled him to offer valuable chronological suggestions for otherwise undatable private monuments and his historical understanding gave new meaning to the public funerary monuments.","","","1974","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XVII","Agora:Publication:Agora 17"
"Publication","Geagan, D.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0049::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0049.jpg::376::500","Inscriptions: The Dedicatory Monuments","","Agora","","This is the last of five volumes presenting inscriptions discovered in the Athenian Agora between 1931 and 1967. Published here are inscriptions on monuments commemorating events or victories, on statues or other representations erected to honor individuals and deities, and on votive offerings to divinities. Most are dated to between the 4th century B.C. and the 2nd century A.D., but a few survive from the Archaic and Late Roman periods. A final section contains monuments that are potentially, but not certainly, dedicatory in character, and a small number of grave markers omitted from Agora XVII. Each of the 773 catalogue entries includes a description of the object inscribed, bibliography, a transcription of the Greek text, and commentary. There are photographs of each piece of which no adequate illustration has yet been published, including newly joined fragments. The volume concludes with concordances, bibliography, and an index of persons named in the inscriptions.","","","2009","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XVIII","Agora:Publication:Agora 18"
"Publication","Lalonde, G.V.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0045::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0045.jpg::382::500","Inscriptions: Horoi, Poletai Records, Leases of Public Lands","","Agora","","The three types of inscription from the Athenian Agora presented in this volume are all concerned with important civic matters. Part I, by Gerald V. Lalonde, includes all the horoi found in the excavations; most of them had been brought into the area for reuse at a later period. An introductory essay discusses the various purposes the horoi served, whether as markers of actual boundaries or private records of security for debt. The various types are illustrated in photographs. In Part II Merle K. Langdon publishes all the known records of the Athenian poletai, a board of magistrates charged with letting contracts for public works, leasing the state-owned silver mines and the privilege of collecting taxes, and leasing or selling confiscated property. The catalogue is preceded by an account of the nature of these transactions and the history of the poletai. Part III, by Michael B. Walbank, presents the records of leases for public and sacred lands, which once stood in the Agora; the documents are now in both the Agora and the Epigraphical Museums in Athens. The discussion considers the history and the terms of the leases. The three sections are followed by combined concordances and indices, with photographs of all stones not previously published.","","","1991","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XIX","Agora:Publication:Agora 19"
"Publication","Frantz, M. A.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0050::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0050.jpg::200::269","The Church of the Holy Apostles","","Agora","","The Church of the Holy Apostles stands at an important crossroads in the southeast corner of the area of the ancient Agora. The earliest church on the site, built over a wall of the 5th-century B.C. Mint and the foundations of the Roman Nymphaeum, is here dated to the last quarter of the 10th century on the basis of its plan and details. The original plan was revealed as a tetraconch cross-in-square with dome on pendentives carried on arches supported by four freestanding columns, the west of the four apses penetrating into the narthex. Fifteen tombs of this first period were excavated under the floor of the church proper and the narthex. In a second period, probably in the late 17th or early 18th century, repairs after damage from the 1687 fighting made changes in the narthex and dome and the interior was covered with paintings. War in 1826 again caused damage which was repaired in Period III with further changes and additions. Finally in 1876-1882 (Period IV) the west end was again rebuilt and the last vestiges of the west apse removed. The architectural type is studied in relation to other churches in Greece, and the restoration is described. The plates give the author’s photos of the structure before, during, and after restoration and drawings of elevations, sections, and plans.","","","1971","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XX","Agora:Publication:Agora 20"
"Publication","Lang, M.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0051::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0051.jpg::296::400","Graffiti and Dipinti","","Agora","","Over 3,000 informal inscriptions scratched or painted on pottery, lamps, or other clay fragments have been found in the excavations of the Athenian Agora. In this volume, 859 of these graffiti and dipinti (representing those with sufficient content to be meaningful) are presented in catalogue and drawings. The texts consist of messages and lists, love names and curses, rough calculations, dedications, commercial and tax notations—in short, all manner of fascinating, all-too-human trivia. An introduction to each category defines the type, indicates special characteristics and suggests parallels, purpose, etc. Each example is illustrated in a line drawing with the exception of the tax notations (dipinti); in this case photographs seemed preferable owing to the fugitive medium and the run-on cursive forms. This skillful presentation of an important body of material contributes significantly to the study of informal Greek, especially in regard to letter forms and spelling, as well as to an understanding of the varying commercial practices in ancient Athens.","","","1976","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXI","Agora:Publication:Agora 21"
"Publication","Rotroff, S","Agora:Image:2009.09.0052::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0052.jpg::104::150","Hellenistic Pottery: Athenian and Imported Moldmade Bowls","","Agora","","This volume is the first of two to present the Hellenistic fine ware from the excavations in the Athenian Agora. Its scope is restricted to the moldmade hemispherical bowls manufactured from the late 3rd century to the early 1st century B.C. in Athens. The material studied, consisting of some 1,400 fragments of which about 800 were inventoried by the excavators, was unearthed between 1931 and 1973. Of the inventoried pieces, 364 fragments of bowls and molds are catalogued and discussed here, with 40 additional imported pieces, 6 related moldmade examples of other shapes, and 5 pieces used in the manufacturing process. The author first discusses the origins and dating of the bowls and then takes up the various types, in order of appearance on the historical scene: pine-cone, imbricate, floral, and figured bowls and their workshops and chronology, long-petal bowls, and other special types such as concentric-semicircle and daisy bowls. The discussion is followed by a detailed catalogue including references to comparanda.","","","1982","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXII","Agora:Publication:Agora 22"
"Publication","Moore, M. B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0053::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0053.jpg::370::500","Attic Black-Figured Pottery","","Agora","","This volume is the first of the Athenian Agora reports to deal specifically with figured wares; it is concerned with the black-figured pottery found in the excavations in the Athenian Agora between 1931 and 1967, most of it in dumped fill especially in wells and cisterns. These deposits have been published separately in previous reports; by presenting them as a body, the authors are able to show how it complements and supplements the existing chronological and stylistic framework of shapes and artists. All the important pieces are shown in photographs, as well as all complete vases and those with particular problems. Profile drawings and reconstructions of the composition are supplied in a few special cases. Summary descriptions of references and a site plan are given for the deposits, which are also identified in the concordance of catalogue and inventory numbers. There are indexes of potters, painters, groups, and classes; subjects; shape and ornament; collections and provenances; and a general index.","","","1986","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXIII","Agora:Publication:Agora 23"
"Publication","Frantz, M. A.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0054::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0054.jpg::373::500","Late Antiquity: A.D. 267-700","","Agora","","This book collects for the first time the archaeological and historical evidence for the area of the Athenian Agora in late antiquity, a period which spans the last flourishing of the great philosophical schools, the defeat of classical paganism by Christianity, and the collapse of the late Roman Empire. Although the primary focus of this volume is the material uncovered by the Agora excavations, the study also takes into account past and current discoveries elsewhere in the city. The author draws on archaeological, epigraphical, and literary evidence to present a comprehensive account of the history and topography of the city in the years before A.D. 700. The course of Athenian construction and destruction is traced from the mid-3rd century, through the Herulian invasion, to the period of recovery in the 3rd and 4th centuries (ending with the invasion of the Visigoth, Alaric, in A.D. 396). The 5th century is described, which saw the closing of the schools of philosophy by Justinian and the first Christian churches, and the gradual decline of the city until the Slavic invasion of the 580s, when Athens began an accelerated slide into oblivion. Special attention is paid to questions surrounding the history of the philosophical and rhetorical schools, the establishment of Christianity, and the removal of works of art from Athens to Constantinople.","","","1988","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXIV","Agora:Publication:Agora 24"
"Publication","Lang, L.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0056::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0056.jpg::372::500","Ostraka","","Agora","","The scraps of pottery on which were written the names of candidates for ostracism are one of the most intriguing pieces of evidence for ancient democracy found in the Athenian Agora. This book is a complete catalogue and discussion of these sherds. Chapter One discusses the history of ostracism in Athens with brief remarks about the “candidates.” Chapter Two concentrates on the physical evidence of the ostraka, their identification, appearance, and content. Chapter Three presents the groups in which most of them were found; their distribution is indicated on a plan of the excavation area. Chapter Four is the catalogue of 1,145 ostraka, arranged by candidates. To these pieces are appended the 191 ostraka, almost all nominating Themistokles, found by Oscar Broneer in a well on the North Slope of the Acropolis. A large number of the Agora ostraka are illustrated with line drawings, a representative selection with photographs.","","","1990","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXV","Agora:Publication:Agora 25"
"Publication","Kroll, J. H.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0057::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0057.jpg::370::500","The Greek Coins","","Agora","","This volume catalogues over 16,577 identifiable Greek coins produced by the excavations of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens between 1931 and 1990. The majority of the coins found and catalogued are Athenian bronze, from the 4th century B.C. through the 3rd century A.D. Included as well are the Athenian silver and the hundreds of non-Athenian gold, silver, and bronze coins that made their way into the Agora in antiquity Considerable attention is paid to the archaeological context of the coins and to presenting a pictorial record of the Greek coinage from the Agora, with more than 1,035 coins illustrated. Substantial introductory discussions place all the coins in clear historical and numismatic contexts and give a sense of the range of international commercial activity in the ancient city. This comprehensive reference work is indispensable for students and scholars of Greek coinage and history. Presenting a reliable chronology of Athens’ bronze coinage for the first time, it will be the standard reference for this important coinage in particular for years to come.","","","1993","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXVI","Agora:Publication:Agora 26"
"Publication","Townsend, R. F.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0058::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0058.jpg::200::267","The East Side of the Agora: The Remains beneath the Stoa of Attalos","","Agora","","The Stoa of Attalos now covers the remains several centuries of previous occupation. Mycenaean and Protogeometric burials represent the early use of the area. By the Late Geometric period, the presence of a few wells indicates a shift to domestic occupation; others containing 6th-century material suggest the presence of workshops and commercial activity as well as houses. The earliest physical remains are those of an Archaic altar; some rubble structures may have been hastily built by refugees during the Peloponnesian War. At the end of the 5th century, a group of public buildings was constructed, perhaps to house some of the lawcourts. About 300 B.C., these were replaced by an imposing structure, the Square Peristyle, which could have housed four lawcourts simultaneously, each with a jury of 500. Still unfinished when it was dismantled in the first quarter of the second century B.C., its materials were carefully reused in other projects, especially in South Stoa II.; ; The evidence for these centuries is now limited to the meticulous records of the excavators and the finds now stored in the Stoa of Attalos, where some few remains still in situ are visible in the basement. The author’s success in making a coherent and orderly presentation rests on the care and diligence of the excavators as well as his own painstaking search through the records. The physical reconstruction is accompanied by a catalogue of archtitectural blocks; the discussion of the chronology is supported by the stratigraphic evidence and a catalogue of pottery.","","","1995","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXVII","Agora:Publication:Agora 27"
"Publication","Boegehold, A. L.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0059::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0059.jpg::378::500","The Lawcourts at Athens Sites: Buildings, Equipment, Procedure, and Testimonia","","Agora","","A comprehensive, three-part study of the sites and procedures of Athenian lawcourts in the 5th, 4th, and 3rd centuries B.C. Part I discusses various courts, their names and possible sites, and reconstructs their history and daily workings, synthesizing literary, documentary, and physical evidence. Part II discusses the buildings which could have served as courts and the objects found in them. Such court paraphernalia included ballots, receptacles for documents, water clocks (used to time speeches), allotments machines and their accessories (for assigning jurors to the courts), seating tokens, and a curse tablet. Part III collects 355 testimonia on Athenian lawcourts, with Greek text, translation, and commentary.","","","1995","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXVIII","Agora:Publication:Agora 28"
"Publication","Rotroff, S.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0055::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0055.jpg::366::500","Hellenistic Pottery Athenian and Imported Wheelmade Table Ware and Related Material","","Agora","","The second of two volumes on the Hellenistic fine ware unearthed in excavations in the Athenian Agora, this book presents the Hellenistic wheelmade table ware and votive vessels found between 1931 and 1982, some 1,500 Attic and 300 imported pieces. An introductory section includes chapters devoted to fixed points in the chronology of the pottery, to a general discussion of the decoration of Hellenistic pots, both stamped and painted, or “West Slope,” and to the question of workshops. The author dedicates much of the text to a typology of Attic Hellenistic fine ware, carefully examining the origins, development, chronology, forms, and decoration of each shape. The ordering of the material by function rather than by the form of vessels provides insight into life in Hellenistic Athens. Especially important is the development of a chronological framework that builds upon and refines the author’s earlier work in this area.","","","1997","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXIX","Agora:Publication:Agora 29"
"Publication","Moore, M. B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0060::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0060.jpg::370::500","Attic Red-Figured and White-Ground Pottery","","Agora","","This volume presents the inventoried red-figure and white-ground pottery found in the Agora Excavations between 1931 and 1967. Although many of these vases have already been published in various reports and special studies, this is the first time that all have appeared together, and this study gives a full accounting of them. Because almost all the shapes known in Attic red figure have been found in the Agora, these pieces provide a unique opportunity for study. The two introductory sections serve as a useful overview for the entire state of knowledge of Attic red-figure painting. The first gives a brief description of each vase shape and its development, and then shows how the Agora pieces fit into this sequence; the second follows this same format for groups of painters. In the catalogue, measurements and descriptions are given for 1,684 pieces, with relevant comparanda and up-to-date references. Inscriptions, graffiti, and dipinti are included, as well as reconstruction drawings of some of the more important or unusual scenes. The volume concludes with deposit summaries, concordance, and six indexes.","","","1997","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXX","Agora:Publication:Agora 30"
"Publication","Miles, M.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0061::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0061.jpg::372::500","The City Eleusinion","","Agora","","An archaeological study of the City Eleusinion in Athens, the sanctuary of Eleusinian Demeter and the city terminus for the annual Eleusinian Mysteries. The book presents the stratigraphical evidence from excavations of a part of the sanctuary (conducted in the 1930s and 1959-1960), the remains of the Temple of Triptolemos, a Hellenistic stoa, and a propylon, and contains extensive descriptions of the context pottery, a discussion of the ritual vessel plemochoe, and catalogues of inscriptions, sculpture, and architectural pieces from the sanctuary. There is a survey of the topography of the sanctuary and its environs on the North Slope of the Acropolis, and a discussion of its relationship to Eleusis and its position as a landmark within the city of Athens. Since a significant portion of the sanctuary still lies unexcavated under the modern city, the book includes a detailed assessment of the only evidence known so far for the various phases of use of the sanctuary, from the earliest evidence of the 7th century B.C. to the late antique period.","","","1998","American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXXI","Agora:Publication:Agora 31"
"Publication","Hayes, J.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0062::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0062.jpg::104::150","Roman Pottery: Fine-Ware Imports","","Agora","","Examples of Roman period red-gloss and red-slip pottery generally termed terra sigillata found during excavations in the Athenian Agora form the focus of this volume. These fine wares, like the other table wares of the first seven centuries A.D. discussed here, were all imported—a very different situation to earlier periods where Athens was known as a great ceramic-making center, and perhaps the result of mass destruction of potters’ workshops during the Sullan sack of 86 B.C. While the image of a demolished pottery industry is tragic, the consequent conglomeration of finewares from many parts of the Roman empire in one city makes the Athenian Agora a tremendous source of comparanda for archaeologists working all round the Mediterranean. Written by the world’s leading expert on Roman pottery, this huge catalogue illustrating and identifying multiple shapes and types of decoration will therefore be an essential reference book.","","","2008","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXXII","Agora:Publication:Agora 32"
"Publication","Rotroff, S.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0063::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0063.jpg::200::266","Hellenistic Pottery: The Plain Wares","","Agora","","This manuscript represents the third and final volume in the publication of the Hellenistic pottery unearthed by the American excavations in the Athenian Agora. The first installment (Agora XXII) was devoted to the moldmade bowls and the second (Agora XXIX) to the remainder of the fine ware. The third presents the plain wares, including household pottery, oil containers, and cooking pottery. In all, about 1,400 Hellenistic vessels in these categories have been entered into the excavation record, which are represented here in a catalogue of 847 objects. The study constructs a typology, based on both form and fabric, and a chronology for these ceramics, using the fact that many of the pieces were found in “closed contexts” like wells. Finally, the author discusses the possible functions of the ceramic shapes found, and uses them to reconstruct some of the domestic and industrial activities of Hellenistic Athenians. While it documents the pottery assemblage of one site, this book will be an essential reference tool for archaeologists around the Mediterranean.","","","2008","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXXIII","Agora:Publication:Agora 33"
"Publication","Weinberg, G.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0064::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0064.jpg::104::150","Vessel Glass","","Agora","","Greek and Roman glass from vessels of all sizes and shapes is discussed in this volume which presents 402 fragments of glass vessels excavated in the Athenian Agora. Only 36 pieces date to the Classical and Hellenistic periods, when the Agora was at the height of its importance, and just 15 are assigned to the 9th to 19th centuries. The remaining 350 are subdivided into four periods covering the Roman and Late Antique history of Athens: 86 B.C.-ca . A.D. 100, A.D. 100-267, A.D. 267-395, and A.D. 395-ca. 700. The fragments all have a findspot which allows the author to make some comments about the possible uses of the original vessels. The volume is divided into the following sections: history of the project, historical overview, important contexts, discussion of the catalogue by period and by shape, catalogue, deposit summaries, concordance. Most catalogues of ancient glass present pieces out of context, where function and date can only be guessed at. This volume, by publishing the main types of glass from a single site, provides richer contextual information and will thus be an essential reference work for archaeologists and specialists in ancient art.","","","2008","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","Agora XXXIV","Agora:Publication:Agora 34"
"Publication","Sparkes, B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0004::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0004.jpg::200::315","Pots and Pans of Classical Athens","","Agora","","By mingling images on well-preserved Greek vases with the more fragmentary ceramics recovered during excavations at the Agora, the authors show how different vessel forms were used in Classical Athens. By linking the shapes of pots with their social functions, this book gives meaning to the ancient names, such as skyphos, olpe, kantharos, lekane, and hydria, that one encounters when visiting museums. The booklet is illustrated with over 60 black and white photographs.","","","1951","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","AgoraPicBk 1 (1958)","Agora:Publication:Agora Picture Book 1"
"Publication","Thompson, H. A. T.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0005::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0005.jpg::200::313","The Stoa of Attalos II in Athens","","Agora","","Named after its donor, the King of Pergamon, the Stoa of Attalos was originally built around 150 B.C. Between 1953 and 1956 this long, columned, marble building was rebuilt by the American School of Classical Studies to store and display finds from the Agora excavations. Using original materials and techniques, the modern builders learned much about the construction and purpose of stoas, a ubiquitous classical building type. This heavily illustrated account presents some of their findings.","","","1992","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","AgoraPicBk 2 (1959); AgoraPicBk 2 (1992)","Agora:Publication:Agora Picture Book 2"
"Publication","Thompson, D. B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0006::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0006.jpg::200::314","Miniature Sculpture from the Athenian Agora","","Agora","","Small sculptured figures of humans and animals have been found all over the Agora, ranging in date from the earliest occupation of Athens to the end of the Late Roman period. This booklet presents a representative sample of these carvings, ranging from elegant ivory figures of Apollo to small toy horses recovered from children’s graves. Illustrated with almost 80 black and white photographs.","","","1959","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","AgoraPicBk 3 (1959)","Agora:Publication:Agora Picture Book 3"
"Publication","Lang, M.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0007::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0007.jpg::909::1367","The Athenian Citizen; Democracy in the Athenian Agora","","Agora","","The artifacts and monuments of the Athenian Agora provide our best evidence for the workings of ancient democracy. As a concise introduction to these physical traces, this book has been a bestseller since it was first published almost 20 years ago. Showing how tribal identity was central to all aspects of civic life, the text guides the reader through the duties of citizenship; as soldier in times of war and as juror during the peace. The checks and balances that protected Athenian society from tyrants, such as legal assassination and ostracism, are described. Selected inscriptions are illustrated and discussed, as are ingenious devices such as allotment machines and water clocks, which ensured fairness in the courts. The book ends with some of the lasting products of classical administration; the silver coins accepted around the known world, and the standard weights and measures that continue to protect the consumer from unscrupulous merchants. Now illustrated entirely in color, with updates and revisions by the current director of excavations at the Agora, this new edition of an acknowledged classic will inform and fascinate visitors and students for many years to come.","","","1960; 2004","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","AgoraPicBk 4 (1960); AgoraPicBk 4 (2004)","Agora:Publication:Agora Picture Book 4"
"Publication","Harrison, E. B.","Agora:Image:2009.09.0008::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0008.jpg::200::313","Ancient Portraits from the Athenian Agora","","Agora","","Although the famous bronze statues seen by the Roman tourist Pausanias have been melted down, the Agora preserves a number of fine portraits in stone. While a few of these are named, most of the portraits in this booklet represent ordinary men and women; priests, athletes, and officials. Referring to over 40 black and white photos, the author discusses hairstyles, clothing and facial expressions to shed light on the individuals depicted.","","","1960","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","AgoraPicBk 5 (1960)","Agora:Publication:Agora Picture Book 5"
"Publication","Grace, V. R","Agora:Image:2009.09.0009::/Agora/2009/2009.09/2009.09.0009.jpg::200::311","Amphoras and the Ancient Wine Trade","","Agora","","Although this booklet is based on broken pottery found during the excavation of the Agora, the author ranges far beyond the confines of Athens in her discussion of the purpose and significance of different amphora types. She shows how chronological variations in shape and the geographical clues offered by stamped handles make amphoras a fascinating source of economic information. The booklet illustrates many different forms of amphora, all set into context by the well-written text.","","","1961","The American School of Classical Studies at Athens","AgoraPicBk 6 (1961); AgoraPicBk 6 (1979)","Agora:Publication:Agora Picture Book 6"